Tunneling kit 5 pieces
The tunneling kit in dentistry is a specialized set of microsurgical instruments used for minimally invasive soft tissue procedures, primarily to treat gingival recession (gum recession).
This technique, often associated with the VISTA (Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access) method, involves creating a tunnel or pouch under the gum tissue without making large vertical incisions. This preserves the blood supply and minimizes post-operative scarring, making it superior to conventional gum grafting procedures.
Components and Function of the 5-Piece Kit
The five-piece kit you provided an image of, labeled Tunneling Gum Lift PT-1 through PT-5, consists of double-ended instruments with thin, ergonomic handles and titanium-coated tips. The coating on the tips (blue/black in your image) provides high contrast and durability.
Each instrument is designed for a specific step in the tunneling procedure, where the goal is to delicately separate the gum tissue (flap) from the underlying bone and tooth roots to create a space for a graft. The entire flap, including the gum tissue between the teeth (papillae), remains intact and is then coronally (toward the crown of the tooth) repositioned.
Based on the shape and function of these standard instruments, their roles are generally:
| Instrument Designation | Appearance & Tip Shape | Primary Function in Tunneling |
| PT-1 (Top in image) | Sharply Angled/Curved Tips (Double-ended, opposing angles) | Initial Detachment: Used for the initial, precise separation of the gum tissue at the line angles of the tooth and in tight areas. |
| PT-2 and PT-3 | Progressively Angled, Curved Tips | Mid-Tunnel Dissection: Used to extend the tunnel flap horizontally, detaching the tissue smoothly over the roots and into the interproximal (between teeth) spaces. The varying angles help access the anterior (front) and posterior (back) regions. |
| PT-4 | Curved Hook/Shovel-shaped Tip (One end appears more spatula-like) | Papilla and Wide Detachment: Used to gently undermine and lift the gum papillae and create a wider tunnel flap apically (toward the root tip). |
| PT-5 (Bottom in image) | Blunt Spatula/Paddle Tip (One end appears wider and flatter) | Graft Placement/Flap Elevation: Used for the blunt and atraumatic separation of the final flap, and to gently carry, position, and smooth the connective tissue graft (CTG) or other graft material into the prepared tunnel. |
The Tunneling Procedure
The tunneling procedure for root coverage generally follows these steps:
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Incision: A small incision is made, usually intrasulcular (within the gum groove) or in the vestibule (the gum tissue below the recession), while keeping the interdental papillae intact.
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Tunnel Creation: The tunneling instruments are inserted through this minimal access point to carefully and atraumatically create a pouch or tunnel under the gum tissue. This step requires great care to avoid perforating the delicate gum tissue.
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Graft Insertion: A graft (either the patient's own tissue or a donor tissue) is inserted and threaded through the tunnel access and positioned over the exposed tooth roots.
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Flap Repositioning: The entire gum flap and the underlying graft are coronally advanced (moved up) to cover the exposed root surface and secured, often with a single suture or sling sutures.
The use of correct, specific instruments is critical because it allows the dentist to handle the tissue in an atraumatic way, minimizing trauma, reducing scar formation, and promoting faster healing.